Colloquium

Junior and senior physics majors attend our biweekly colloquium series, held on Tuesday afternoons at 4:30 pm in Shanahan B460. The talks are open to all students and to the public, and are frequently attended by scientists from the other Claremont Colleges, Cal Poly Pomona, and others. The series features speakers from a broad range of institutions and fields of physics.

April 24, 2007	Eric E. Fullerton, University of California at San Diego Characterizing Magnetic Materials on the Nano-Scale Using Synchrotron X-Rays		Magnetic materials and devices have played a major role in science and technology for the last half century. Hard disk drives dominate information storage and magnetic random access memory (MRAM) is emerging in the memory market. Present magnetic devices are complex metal hetero-structures that combine many layers and state-of-the-art lithography. A key component for continued development of such nano-technologies is ...
April 17, 2007	Ashley Stroupe, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Robotic Planetary Science: the Mars Exploration Rovers and Beyond		One of the primary tasks of the Jet Propulsion Lab is robotic planetary science. This talk will discuss the current state of the art in planetary rovers, the Mars Exploration Rovers, focusing in particular on their autonomous capabilities. There will also be details of some of the scientific results of the MER mission. Several limitations are still inherent in the ...
April 3, 2007	Roger Falcone, University of California at Berkeley Watching Atoms Move With Ultrafast X-Rays		I will discuss experiments which study the dynamics of atoms in materials. This work utilizes fast x-ray pulses to probe the motion of atoms that have been excited by fast laser pulses. I will also discuss new synchrotron-based sources of x-rays, plans for a new generation of x-ray free-electron lasers, and opportunities for new science.
March 20, 2007	David Hafemeister, Cal Poly San Luis Obispo Physics of Sustainability		Sustainability movement will be defined and described. The physics part of sustainability is driven by energy use and environmental impacts. Recent data on energy and climate change will be displayed. This will be followed by back-of-the-envelope calculations, which prove the following: King Hubbert’s equations for oil production are modified, using supply and demand economics. The additional production from ...
March 6, 2007	Robert H. Kraus, Jr., Los Alamos National Laboratory Imaging Human Brain Function, or, Can We “Read Your Thoughts?”		A variety of techniques have been developed to noninvasively image human brain function that are central to understanding how the brain works and to detect pathology. Current methods can be broadly divided into those that rely on hemodynamic responses as indicators of neural activity and methods that measure neural activity directly. All of the functional brain imaging approaches in use ...
Feb. 20, 2007	Several HMC Professors, Harvey Mudd College Recent Developments in Physics		Four HMC physics faculty will present brief summaries of some of the year’s most interesting developments in physics. "Electron Magnetic Moment to 1 Part Per Billion: How to Measure It and Why We Care," Theresa Lynn "How to Go Into Physics AND Make a Pile of Money," Tom Donnelly "A Stochastic Background of Gravitational Waves from Hybrid Preheating," Vatche ...
Feb. 6, 2007	Elizabeth D. Freeland, Chicago Art Institute Pushing the Limits of the Standard Model With Lattice QCD		The Standard Model of particle physics has been extraordinarily successful. Nevertheless, there are many observations which motivate particle physicists to look for and understand physics "beyond the standard model." My talk focuses on a major theoretical challenge in this task - the non-perturbative calculation of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) quantities. Starting with a description of the Standard Model, I will explain ...
Jan. 23, 2007	Tom Banks, University of California at Santa Cruz String Theory and Holography: An Approach to the Quantum Theory of Gravity		String theory provides us with a number of examples of well defined quantum theories of gravitation in asymptotically flat and asymptotically Anti de Sitter (maximally symmetric space with negative cosmological constant) space-times. For low space-time curvature, these theories have an exact symmetry between bosonic and fermionic particles (supersymmetry) which is not shared by the real world. The problem of relating ...
Dec. 5, 2006	Bridget Smith-Konter, University of California at San Diego Stress Evolution of the San Andreas Fault System		The absence of a major earthquake over the past 300 years along the southern San Andreas fault has prompted a large-scale effort toward understanding the nature of present-day loading and stress accumulation at the plate boundary. The growing archive of GPS data in California is beginning to provide a detailed synoptic picture of the accumulation of stress and strain along ...
Nov. 21, 2006	Ken Cooper, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Artificial Atoms on a Chip: The Road to Quantum Computation?		A quantum computer, if ever constructed, will be able to crack problems that would take a modern computer longer than the age of the universe to solve. While classical computers store information as bits - 1’s and 0’s - quantum computers rely on "qubits," which are quantum two-state systems capable of existing as a 1 and 0 simultaneously. One promising ...
Nov. 7, 2006	David McComas, Southwest Research Institute The Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX): Discovering The Interaction Between Our Solar System and the Galaxy		The Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) mission (www.ibex.swri.edu) will launch in mid-2008 and provide the first global views of the interstellar interactions and boundaries at the edge of our heliosphere (the region dominated by the Sun’s influence). IBEX makes these exploratory observations using two ultra-high sensitivity single pixel energetic neutral atom (ENA) cameras that image ENAs from 10 eV - ...
Oct. 24, 2006	Karen Shell, Oregon State University Diagnosing Climate Feedbacks in Atmospheric General Circulation Models		Many different feedbacks influence how the earth’s temperature, precipitation, and winds respond to changes in the energy budget of the planet (caused, for example, by increases in carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases). Because there is only one realization of the actual climate, computational climate models are useful tools for studying different scenarios and climate configurations in a very controlled ...
Oct. 3, 2006	Adam Bernstein, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Applied Antineutrino Physics: Reactor Monitoring with Cubic Meter Scale Antineutrino Detectors		Reactor antineutrino detection has matured to the point where it is feasible to stably monitor plutonium content and reactor power using a high statistics (hundreds or thousands of counts per day) antineutrino detector at a standoff of a few tens of meters. Our Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory/Sandia National Laboratories collaboration has deployed a detector to demonstrate this capability at a ...
Sept. 19, 2006	Bill Jones, Caltech Imaging the Primordial Plasma: Recent Observations of the Temperature and Polarization Anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)		We discuss recent observations of the temperature and polarization anisotropies of the CMB, and the implications for our understanding of the cosmology, which (it appears), describes our Universe. We discuss in detail the results from the recent flight of Boomerang, and outline what we expect to learn from observations in the near future.
Sept. 12, 2006	Various students, Harvey Mudd College Student Presentations of Off-Campus Research during the Summer of 2006		Greg Sandstrom and Steve Von der Porten, Umachines - Pasadena, CA Dr. Tom Tsao Constructing a phase-shift interferometer to test MEMS deformable mirrors Sam Skillman Los Alamos National Laboratory Brian O’Shea, T-06 Group, Theoretical Astrophysics Computer simulations of star/galaxy formation David Coats U. of Minnesota REU Program Dr. Jian Ping Wang MEMS array of ferromagnetic islands for magnetic ...